Researchers argue that, in some situations where machine-learning models are used to allocate scarce resources or opportunities, randomizing decisions in a structured way may lead to fairer outcomes.

In a randomized clinical trial, instead of allocating patients equally between the treatment arms, some trials in oncology assign a higher proportion of patients to receive the experimental treatment ...

Whole-blood transfusion has recently gained favor in the management of severe hemorrhage; however, data from large clinical trials evaluating its clinical effectiveness and safety are lacking. We ...

Twice-yearly mass distribution of azithromycin to children is a promising intervention to reduce childhood mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. The World Health Organization recommended restricting ...